所在院系：生命科学研究院

申报人：王一枫

研究首次系统性构建扁形动物门和线虫动物门物种性染色体演化历史，对代表性物种的性别起源和性别类型转换进行了系统阐述。研究中新鉴定的性别连锁基因，将对未来通过干扰这些寄生虫的性别繁殖生活史提供重要依据。

Many species with separate male and female individuals have sex-linked genome regions. Here, we investigate evolutionary changes when genome regions become completely sex-linked, by analyses of multiple species of flatworms and roundworms which have undergone independent translocations of different autosomes. We identified the separate sex origin and sex systems transitions in flatworms and nematodes, with candidate sex-determining genes that might be responsible for these processes. Our analyses also identify sex-linked genes that could assist future research aimed at controlling some of these important parasites.

图一 周琦课题组合照

图二：线虫动物门各物种演化关系以铁路轨道的形式展示，不同颜色的矿块代表了各染色体相关元件，矿块制造站代表性染色体相关元件的演化时间，矿块经由小车运送到不同演化分支的线虫物种的加工厂中，将这些不同的染色体单元组成性染色体

图三：血吸虫和线虫性别系统转换的假设模型。我们构建了一个从雌雄同体祖先过渡到雌雄异体血吸虫的两步模型，其中间状态为雄性雌雄同体。秀丽隐杆线虫的性别系统则代表了从雌雄异体祖先转换为雄性雌雄同体的中间状态。性别系统转换过程所涉及到的性别决定基因（红色代表与雌性功能相关，蓝色代表与雄性功能相关）标注在箭头上。雄性、雌性以及雌雄同体性别符号的字体大小表示在性系统转换过程中，性腺相关基因的转录水平高低的变化。

(1) Yifeng Wang; Robin B. Gasser; Deborah Charlesworth; Qi Zhou ; Evolution of sexual systems, sex chromosomes and sex-linked gene transcription in flatworms and roundworms, Nature Communications, 2022, 13(1): 1-15 (期刊论文) ：独立一作和第一通讯单位均为浙江大学

(2) Xindong Xu; Yifeng Wang; Changhong Wang; Gangqiang Guo; Xinyu Yu; Yang Dai; Yaobao Liu; Guiying Wei; Xiaohui He; Ge Jin; Ziqiu Zhang; Qingtian Guan; Arnab Pain; Shengyue Wang; Wenbao Zhang; Neil D. Young; Robin B. Gasser; Donald P. McManus; Jun Cao; Qi Zhou; Qingfeng Zhang ; Chromosome‐level genome assembly defines female‐iased genes associated with sex determination and differentiation in the human blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum, Molecular Ecology Resources, 2022, 23(1): 205-221 (期刊论文) ：共一二作和第二通讯单位均为浙江大学